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Clinical Microbiology Reviews, April 2001, p. 327-335, Vol. 14, No. 2
0893-8512/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/CMR.14.2.327-335.2001

Global Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS

Helene D. Gayle and Gena L. Hill*

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

This review provides information on the epidemiology, economic impact, and intervention strategies for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS pandemic in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) at the end of 1999, an estimated 34.3 million people were living with HIV/AIDS. Most of the people living with HIV, 95% of the global total, live in developing countries. Examples of the impact of HIV/AIDS in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Newly Independent States provide insight into the demographics, modes of exposure, treatment and prevention options, and the economic effect of the epidemic on the global community. The epidemic in each region of the world is influenced by the specific risk factors that are associated with the spread of HIV/AIDS and the responses that have evolved to address it. These influences are important in developing HIV/AIDS policies and programs to effectively address the global pandemic.

* Corresponding author. Phone: (404) 639-8000. Fax: (404) 639-8600. E-mail: ghill{at}cdc.gov. Reprint requests: Office of Communications, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Mailstop E-06, Atlanta, GA 30333.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, April 2001, p. 327-335, Vol. 14, No. 2
0893-8512/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/CMR.14.2.327-335.2001


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