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Clinical Microbiology Reviews, January 2006, p. 142-164, Vol. 19, No. 1
0893-8512/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CMR.19.1.142-164.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Prospects for Vaccine Prevention of Meningococcal Infection

Lee H. Harrison^*

Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Neisseria meningitidis is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in the United States and worldwide. A serogroup A/C/W-135/Y polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine has been licensed in the United States since 1981 but has not been used universally outside of the military. On 14 January 2005, a polysaccharide conjugate vaccine that covers meningococcal serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y was licensed in the United States for 11- to 55-year-olds and is now recommended for the routine immunization of adolescents and other high-risk groups. This review covers the changing epidemiology of meningococcal disease in the United States, issues related to vaccine prevention, and recommendations on the use of the new vaccine.

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* Mailing address: Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, 521 Parran Hall, 130 Desoto St., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Phone: (412) 624-3137. Fax: (412) 624-2256. E-mail: lharriso{at}edc.pitt.edu.

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Clinical Microbiology Reviews, January 2006, p. 142-164, Vol. 19, No. 1
0893-8512/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CMR.19.1.142-164.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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