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Clinical Microbiology Reviews, October 2008, p. 606-625, Vol. 21, No. 4
0893-8512/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CMR.00013-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Candida parapsilosis, an Emerging Fungal Pathogen

David Trofa,1 Attila Gácser,2 and Joshua D. Nosanchuk1*

Department of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases) & Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York,1 Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary2

Summary: Candida parapsilosis is an emerging major human pathogen that has dramatically increased in significance and prevalence over the past 2 decades, such that C. parapsilosis is now one of the leading causes of invasive candidal disease. Individuals at the highest risk for severe infection include neonates and patients in intensive care units. C. parapsilosis infections are especially associated with hyperalimentation solutions, prosthetic devices, and indwelling catheters, as well as the nosocomial spread of disease through the hands of health care workers. Factors involved in disease pathogenesis include the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes, adhesion to prosthetics, and biofilm formation. New molecular genetic tools are providing additional and much-needed information regarding C. parapsilosis virulence. The emerging information will provide a deeper understanding of C. parapsilosis pathogenesis and facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches for treating C. parapsilosis infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461. Phone: (718) 430-3659. Fax: (718) 430-8968. E-mail: nosanchu{at}aecom.yu.edu

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, October 2008, p. 606-625, Vol. 21, No. 4
0893-8512/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/CMR.00013-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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