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Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Jan 1997, 35-66, Vol 10, No. 1
Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Yersinia pestis--etiologic agent of plague

RD Perry and JD Fetherston
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, USA. rperry@pop.uky.edu

Plague is a widespread zoonotic disease that is caused by Yersinia pestis and has had devastating effects on the human population throughout history. Disappearance of the disease is unlikely due to the wide range of mammalian hosts and their attendant fleas. The flea/rodent life cycle of Y. pestis, a gram-negative obligate pathogen, exposes it to very different environmental conditions and has resulted in some novel traits facilitating transmission and infection. Studies characterizing virulence determinants of Y. pestis have identified novel mechanisms for overcoming host defenses. Regulatory systems controlling the expression of some of these virulence factors have proven quite complex. These areas of research have provide new insights into the host-parasite relationship. This review will update our present understanding of the history, etiology, epidemiology, clinical aspects, and public health issues of plague.


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