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 Previous Article

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, April 1999, p. 351-366, Vol. 12, No. 2
0893-8512/99/$04.00+0

Update on Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Francis J. Mahoney*

Office of the Director, National Centers for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit no. 3, Cairo, Egypt

Acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of liver disease worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 350 million people worldwide have chronic HBV infection and that 1 million persons die each year from HBV-related chronic liver disease. In the past decade, significant progress in the understanding of the molecular virology and pathogenesis of HBV infection has been made. In addition, effective treatment modalities have been developed for persons with chronic infection. Worldwide, prevention of HBV transmission has become a high priority. In 1992, the Global Advisory Group to the World Health Organization recommended that all countries integrate hepatitis B vaccine into national immunization programs by 1997. Currently, 80 countries have done so and several others are planning to. Many countries have reported dramatic reductions in the prevalence of chronic HBV infection among children born since the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced into infant immunization schedules. Recent reports from Taiwan indicate a reduction in the incidence of liver cancer among children as a result of widespread hepatitis B vaccination programs.

* Mailing address: Research Science Division, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit no. 3, PSC 452, Box 146, FPO, AE 09835. Phone: 011-202-355-7371 ext. 2293. Fax: 011 202 284182. E-mail: MahoneyF{at}namru3.navy.mil.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, April 1999, p. 351-366, Vol. 12, No. 2
0893-8512/99/$04.00+0


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