This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Bendinelli, M.
Right arrow Articles by Vatteroni, M. L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Bendinelli, M.
Right arrow Articles by Vatteroni, M. L.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, January 2001, p. 98-113, Vol. 14, No. 1
0893-8512/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/CMR.14.1.98-113.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular Properties, Biology, and Clinical Implications of TT Virus, a Recently Identified Widespread Infectious Agent of Humans

Mauro Bendinelli,* Mauro Pistello, Fabrizio Maggi, Claudia Fornai, Giulia Freer, and Maria Linda Vatteroni

Virology Section, Department of Biomedicine and Retrovirus Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

TT virus (TTV) was first described in 1997 by representational difference analysis of sera from non-A to non-G posttransfusion hepatitis patients and hence intensively investigated as a possible addition to the list of hepatitis-inducing viruses. The TTV genome is a covalently closed single-stranded DNA of approximately 3.8 kb with a number of characteristics typical of animal circoviruses, especially the chicken anemia virus. TTV is genetically highly heterogeneous, which has led investigators to group isolates into numerous genotypes and subtypes and has limited the sensitivity of many PCR assays used for virus detection. The most remarkable feature of TTV is the extraordinarily high prevalence of chronic viremia in apparently healthy people, up to nearly 100% in some countries. The original hypothesis that it might be an important cause of cryptogenic hepatitis has not been borne out, although the possibility that it may produce liver damage under specific circumstances has not been excluded. The virus has not yet been etiologically linked to any other human disease. Thus, TTV should be considered an orphan virus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 37, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. Phone: 39 050 553562. Fax: 39 050 559455. E-mail: bendinelli{at}biomed.unipi.it.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, January 2001, p. 98-113, Vol. 14, No. 1
0893-8512/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/CMR.14.1.98-113.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Ninomiya, M., Nishizawa, T., Takahashi, M., Lorenzo, F. R., Shimosegawa, T., Okamoto, H. (2007). Identification and genomic characterization of a novel human torque teno virus of 3.2 kb. J. Gen. Virol. 88: 1939-1944 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maggi, F., Andreoli, E., Riente, L., Meschi, S., Rocchi, J., Delle Sedie, A., Vatteroni, M. L., Ceccherini-Nelli, L., Specter, S., Bendinelli, M. (2007). Torquetenovirus in patients with arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 46: 885-886 [Full Text]  
  • Maggi, F., Andreoli, E., Lanini, L., Meschi, S., Rocchi, J., Fornai, C., Vatteroni, M. L., Pistello, M., Bendinelli, M. (2006). Rapid Increase in Total Torquetenovirus (TTV) Plasma Viremia Load Reveals an Apparently Transient Superinfection by a TTV of a Novel Group 2 Genotype.. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44: 2571-2574 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maggi, F., Andreoli, E., Lanini, L., Fornai, C., Vatteroni, M., Pistello, M., Presciuttini, S., Bendinelli, M. (2005). Relationships between Total Plasma Load of Torquetenovirus (TTV) and TTV Genogroups Carried. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 4807-4810 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hu, Y.-W., Al-Moslih, M. I., Al Ali, M. T., Khameneh, S. R., Perkins, H., Diaz-Mitoma, F., Roy, J. N., Uzicanin, S., Brown, E. G. (2005). Molecular Detection Method for All Known Genotypes of TT Virus (TTV) and TTV-Like Viruses in Thalassemia Patients and Healthy Individuals. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 3747-3754 [Full Text]  
  • Szladek, G, Juhasz, A, Kardos, G, Szoke, K, Major, T, Sziklai, I, Tar, I, Marton, I, Konya, J, Gergely, L, Szarka, K (2005). High co-prevalence of genogroup 1 TT virus and human papillomavirus is associated with poor clinical outcome of laryngeal carcinoma. J. Clin. Pathol. 58: 402-405 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bigarre, L., Beven, V., de Boisseson, C., Grasland, B., Rose, N., Biagini, P., Jestin, A. (2005). Pig anelloviruses are highly prevalent in swine herds in France. J. Gen. Virol. 86: 631-635 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jelcic, I., Hotz-Wagenblatt, A., Hunziker, A., zur Hausen, H., de Villiers, E.-M. (2004). Isolation of Multiple TT Virus Genotypes from Spleen Biopsy Tissue from a Hodgkin's Disease Patient: Genome Reorganization and Diversity in the Hypervariable Region. J. Virol. 78: 7498-7507 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maggi, F., Pifferi, M., Tempestini, E., Fornai, C., Lanini, L., Andreoli, E., Vatteroni, M., Presciuttini, S., Pietrobelli, A., Boner, A., Pistello, M., Bendinelli, M. (2003). TT Virus Loads and Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Children with Acute Respiratory Diseases. J. Virol. 77: 9081-9083 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maggi, F., Pifferi, M., Fornai, C., Andreoli, E., Tempestini, E., Vatteroni, M., Presciuttini, S., Marchi, S., Pietrobelli, A., Boner, A., Pistello, M., Bendinelli, M. (2003). TT Virus in the Nasal Secretions of Children with Acute Respiratory Diseases: Relations to Viremia and Disease Severity. J. Virol. 77: 2418-2425 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Campos-Olivas, R., Louis, J. M., Clerot, D., Gronenborn, B., Gronenborn, A. M. (2002). The structure of a replication initiator unites diverse aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 10310-10315 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kakkola, L., Hedman, K., Vanrobaeys, H., Hedman, L., Soderlund-Venermo, M. (2002). Cloning and sequencing of TT virus genotype 6 and expression of antigenic open reading frame 2 proteins. J. Gen. Virol. 83: 979-990 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maggi, F., Pistello, M., Vatteroni, M., Presciuttini, S., Marchi, S., Isola, P., Fornai, C., Fagnani, S., Andreoli, E., Antonelli, G., Bendinelli, M. (2001). Dynamics of Persistent TT Virus Infection, as Determined in Patients Treated with Alpha Interferon for Concomitant Hepatitis C Virus Infection. J. Virol. 75: 11999-12004 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Azzi, A., De Santis, R., Morfini, M., Zakrzewska, K., Musso, R., Santagostino, E., Castaman, G. (2001). TT virus contaminates first-generation recombinant factor VIII concentrates. Blood 98: 2571-2573 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fornai, C., Maggi, F., Vatteroni, M. L., Pistello, M., Bendinelli, M. (2001). High Prevalence of TT Virus (TTV) and TTV-Like Minivirus in Cervical Swabs. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39: 2022-2024 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»