This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Shirtliff, M. E.
Right arrow Articles by Mader, J. T.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Shirtliff, M. E.
Right arrow Articles by Mader, J. T.

Next Article 

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, October 2002, p. 527-544, Vol. 15, No. 4
0893-8512/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CMR.15.4.527-544.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Acute Septic Arthritis

Mark E. Shirtliff1* and Jon T. Mader2,3

Center for Biofilm Engineering Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717-3980,1 Division of Marine Medicine, The Marine Biomedical Institute,2 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-11153

Acute septic arthritis may develop as a result of hematogenous seeding, direct introduction, or extension from a contiguous focus of infection. The pathogenesis of acute septic arthritis is multifactorial and depends on the interaction of the host immune response and the adherence factors, toxins, and immunoavoidance strategies of the invading pathogen. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Staphylococcus aureus are used in discussing the host-pathogen interaction in the pathogenesis of acute septic arthritis. While diagnosis rests on isolation of the bacterial species from synovial fluid samples, patient history, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and imaging studies are also important. Acute nongonococcal septic arthritis is a medical emergency that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prompt recognition, rapid and aggressive antimicrobial therapy, and surgical treatment are critical to ensuring a good prognosis. Even with prompt diagnosis and treatment, high mortality and morbidity rates still occur. In contrast, gonococcal arthritis is often successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy alone and demonstrates a very low rate of complications and an excellent prognosis for full return of normal joint function. In the case of prosthetic joint infections, the hardware must be eventually removed by a two-stage revision in order to cure the infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Center for Biofilm Engineering, 366 EPS Building, P.O. Box 173980, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3980. Phone: (406) 994-4770. Fax: (406) 994-6098. E-mail: mshirtliff{at}erc.montana.edu.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, October 2002, p. 527-544, Vol. 15, No. 4
0893-8512/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/CMR.15.4.527-544.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Ogasawara, M., Oda, K., Yamaji, K., Takasaki, Y. (2009). Polyarticular septic arthritis with bilateral psoas abscesses following acupuncture. Acupuncture in Medicine 27: 81-82 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Persson, L., Johansson, C., Ryden, C. (2009). Antibodies to Staphylococcus aureus Bone Sialoprotein-Binding Protein Indicate Infectious Osteomyelitis. CVI 16: 949-952 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sammer, D. M., Shin, A. Y. (2009). Comparison of Arthroscopic and Open Treatment of Septic Arthritis of the Wrist. JBJS 91: 1387-1393 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Delpino, M. V., Fossati, C. A., Baldi, P. C. (2009). Proinflammatory Response of Human Osteoblastic Cell Lines and Osteoblast-Monocyte Interaction upon Infection with Brucella spp.. Infect. Immun. 77: 984-995 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Geirsson, A J, Statkevicius, S, Vikingsson, A (2008). Septic arthritis in Iceland 1990-2002: increasing incidence due to iatrogenic infections. Ann Rheum Dis 67: 638-643 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Small, C.-L., McCormick, S., Gill, N., Kugathasan, K., Santosuosso, M., Donaldson, N., Heinrichs, D. E., Ashkar, A., Xing, Z. (2008). NK Cells Play a Critical Protective Role in Host Defense against Acute Extracellular Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Infection in the Lung. J. Immunol. 180: 5558-5568 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Grossi, O., Caillon, J., Arvieux, C., Jacqueline, C., Bugnon, D., Potel, G., Hamel, A. (2007). In Vivo Efficacy of Moxifloxacin Compared with Cloxacillin and Vancomycin in a Staphylococcus aureus Rabbit Arthritis Experimental Model. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 3401-3403 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fenollar, F., Roux, V., Stein, A., Drancourt, M., Raoult, D. (2006). Analysis of 525 Samples To Determine the Usefulness of PCR Amplification and Sequencing of the 16S rRNA Gene for Diagnosis of Bone and Joint Infections.. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44: 1018-1028 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shanks, R. M. Q., Donegan, N. P., Graber, M. L., Buckingham, S. E., Zegans, M. E., Cheung, A. L., O'Toole, G. A. (2005). Heparin Stimulates Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation. Infect. Immun. 73: 4596-4606 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zimmerli, W., Trampuz, A., Ochsner, P. E. (2004). Prosthetic-Joint Infections. NEJM 351: 1645-1654 [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»