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ARTICLE

Association of Rhinovirus Infections with Asthma

James E. Gern, William W. Busse
James E. Gern
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, and
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William W. Busse
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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DOI: 10.1128/CMR.12.1.9
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    Fig. 1.

    Effect of allergy on RV16-induced changes in lower-airway histamine responsiveness. Subjects were grouped according to the presence or absence of allergy, and histamine PD20was plotted precold (pre), and 2 days following RV16 inoculation (cold). Heavy horizontal lines represent group mean data. n.s., not significant. Reprinted from reference 50 with permission of the publisher.

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    Fig. 2.

    Potential mechanisms for lower-airway dysfunction caused by RV infections.

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    Fig. 3.

    Mechanisms of RV-induced exacerbations of asthma, and therapeutic implications. See the text for details. Abbreviations: sICAM-1, soluble ICAM-1; PKR, double-stranded-RNA-activated protein kinase; CS, corticosteroids.

Tables

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  • Table 1.

    RV-induced immune responses and association with clinical observationsa

    Immune responseLocationbAssociated clinical observationsbReference(s)
    Upper airway
     ↑ KininsNS↑ Symptom scores98
     ↑ Neutrophils or myeloperoxidaseNS↑ Symptom scores91, 98, 125
     ↓ LymphocytesBlood↑ Symptom scores90
     ↑ LymphocytesNS↑ Symptom scores91
     ↑ RV-specific T-cell proliferationBlood↑ Nasal mucus75
     ↑ AlbuminNS↑ Symptom scores98
     ↑ IL-1NS↑ Symptom scores105
     ↑ IL-2 (ex vivo)Blood↓ Nasal mucus, ↓ duration of viral shedding75
     ↑ IL-6NS↑ Symptom scores139
     ↑ IL-8NS↑ Symptom scores58, 130
    Lower airway
     ↑ Eosinophil cationic proteinSputum↑ Airway responsiveness57
     ↓ LymphocytesBlood↑ Airway responsiveness, MFEV124, 43
     ↑ NeutrophilsNS↑ Airway responsiveness58
     ↑ IL-8NS↑ Airway responsiveness58
     ↑ IL-11NSWheezing32
    • ↵a Modified from reference39 with permission of the publisher.

    • ↵b Abbreviations: NS, nasal secretions; MFEV1, maximum fall in forced expiratory volume, during a methacholine challenge.

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Association of Rhinovirus Infections with Asthma
James E. Gern, William W. Busse
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 1999, 12 (1) 9-18; DOI: 10.1128/CMR.12.1.9

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Association of Rhinovirus Infections with Asthma
James E. Gern, William W. Busse
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 1999, 12 (1) 9-18; DOI: 10.1128/CMR.12.1.9
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  • Article
    • SUMMARY
    • EPIDEMIOLOGY OF RHINOVIRUS INFECTIONS AND ASTHMA
    • RHINOVIRUS INFECTIONS AND AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS
    • MECHANISMS OF VIRUS-INDUCED AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION AND ASTHMA
    • SUMMARY AND THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
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KEYWORDS

Asthma
Picornaviridae Infections
Rhinovirus

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