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Review

Escherichia coli Pathobionts Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, Bruce Andrew Vallance, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt, Andreas Munk Petersen
Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen
Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bruce Andrew Vallance
Division of Gastroenterology, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Viral and Microbiological Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Andreas Munk Petersen
Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00060-18
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SUMMARY

Gut bacteria play a key role in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process in the gut tissues of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, by supplying antigens or other stimulatory factors that trigger immune cell activation. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in IBD patients compared to that in healthy controls and a reduced diversity of intestinal microbial species are linked to the pathogenesis of IBD. Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) has been linked to Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, while diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) has been associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Bacteriological analysis of intestinal biopsy specimens and fecal samples from IBD patients shows an increased number of E. coli strains belonging to the B2 phylogenetic group, which are typically known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Results from studies of both cell cultures and animal models reveal pathogenic features of these E. coli pathobionts, which may link them to IBD pathogenesis. This suggests that IBD-associated E. coli strains play a facilitative role during IBD flares. In this review, we explain IBD-associated E. coli and its role in IBD pathogenesis.

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Escherichia coli Pathobionts Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, Bruce Andrew Vallance, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt, Andreas Munk Petersen
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 2019, 32 (2) e00060-18; DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00060-18

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Escherichia coli Pathobionts Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, Bruce Andrew Vallance, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt, Andreas Munk Petersen
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 2019, 32 (2) e00060-18; DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00060-18
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  • Top
  • Article
    • SUMMARY
    • INTRODUCTION
    • INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND THE GUT MICROBIOTA
    • E. COLI IN INTESTINAL DISORDERS
    • E. COLI STRAINS ASSOCIATED WITH CROHN’S DISEASE
    • E. COLI ASSOCIATED WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS
    • ANTIBIOTIC AND PROBIOTIC TREATMENT OF IBD
    • ROLE OF DIET IN CONTROLLING BACTERIAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO IBD
    • IBD AND E. COLI IN IN VIVO MODELS
    • SUGGESTED MECHANISMS OF IBD-ASSOCIATED E. COLI PATHOGENESIS
    • DISCUSSION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
    • Author Bios
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

KEYWORDS

carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 6
Crohn’s disease
diet
Escherichia coli
tight junction
ulcerative colitis
inflammatory bowel disease
interleukins
probiotics
tumor necrosis factor receptors

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Print ISSN: 0893-8512; Online ISSN: 1098-6618