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Archive

April 2021; Volume 34,Issue 2

Reviews

  • Laboratory Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis
    Review
    Laboratory Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis

    Lyme borreliosis is caused by a growing list of related, yet distinct, spirochetes with complex biology and sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms.

    John A. Branda, Allen C. Steere
    27 Jan 2021
  • Molecular Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Review
    Molecular Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

    Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important causes for moderate to severe diarrhea and diarrhea-related mortality in children under 2 years in low- and middle-income countries. In recent decades, genotyping and subtyping tools have been used in epidemiological studies of human cryptosporidiosis.

    Xin Yang, Yaqiong Guo, Lihua Xiao, Yaoyu Feng
    24 Feb 2021
  • Free
    Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a Systemic Infection
    Review
    Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a Systemic Infection

    To date, seven identified coronaviruses (CoVs) have been found to infect humans; of these, three highly pathogenic variants have emerged in the 21st century. The newest member of this group, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first detected at the end of 2019 in Hubei province, China.

    Aleksandra Synowiec, Artur Szczepański, Emilia Barreto-Duran, Laurensius Kevin Lie, Krzysztof Pyrc
    13 Jan 2021
  • The Changing Face of the Family <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> (Order: “<em>Enterobacterales</em>”): New Members, Taxonomic Issues, Geographic Expansion, and New Diseases and Disease Syndromes
    Review
    The Changing Face of the Family Enterobacteriaceae (Order: “Enterobacterales”): New Members, Taxonomic Issues, Geographic Expansion, and New Diseases and Disease Syndromes

    The family Enterobacteriaceae has undergone significant morphogenetic changes in its more than 85-year history, particularly during the past 2 decades (2000 to 2020). The development and introduction of new and novel molecular methods coupled with innovative laboratory techniques have led to many advances.

    J. Michael Janda, Sharon L. Abbott
    24 Feb 2021
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> in Agriculture: Lessons in Evolution from a Multispecies Pathogen
    Review
    Staphylococcus aureus in Agriculture: Lessons in Evolution from a Multispecies Pathogen

    Staphylococcus aureus is a formidable bacterial pathogen that is responsible for infections in humans and various species of wild, companion, and agricultural animals. The ability of S. aureus to move between humans and livestock is due to specific characteristics of this bacterium as well as modern...

    Soyoun Park, Jennifer Ronholm
    10 Feb 2021
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus lugdunensis</span>: a Skin Commensal with Invasive Pathogenic Potential
    Review
    Staphylococcus lugdunensis: a Skin Commensal with Invasive Pathogenic Potential

    Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a species of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) that causes serious infections in humans akin to those of S. aureus. It was often misidentified as S. aureus, but this has been rectified by...

    Simon Heilbronner, Timothy J. Foster
    23 Dec 2020
  • Understanding the Impact of Resistance to Influenza Antivirals
    Review
    Understanding the Impact of Resistance to Influenza Antivirals

    Influenza poses a significant burden on society and health care systems. Although antivirals are an integral tool in effective influenza management, the potential for the emergence of antiviral-resistant viruses can lead to uncertainty and hesitation among front-line prescribers and policy makers.

    Edward C. Holmes, Aeron C. Hurt, Zuzana Dobbie, Barry Clinch, John S. Oxford, Pedro A. Piedra
    10 Feb 2021
  • Type I Natural Killer T Cells as Key Regulators of the Immune Response to Infectious Diseases
    Review
    Type I Natural Killer T Cells as Key Regulators of the Immune Response to Infectious Diseases

    The immune system must work in an orchestrated way to achieve an optimal response upon detection of antigens. The cells comprising the immune response are traditionally divided into two major subsets, innate and adaptive, with particular characteristics for each type. Type I natural killer T (iNKT) cells are defined as innate-like T cells sharing features with both traditional adaptive and innate cells, such as the expression of an...

    Nicolás M. S. Gálvez, Karen Bohmwald, Gaspar A. Pacheco, Catalina A. Andrade, Leandro J. Carreño, Alexis M. Kalergis
    23 Dec 2020
  • Pathogenesis of Gram-Negative Bacteremia
    Review
    Pathogenesis of Gram-Negative Bacteremia

    Gram-negative bacteremia is a devastating public health threat, with high mortality in vulnerable populations and significant costs to the global economy. Concerningly, rates of both Gram-negative bacteremia and antimicrobial resistance in these species are increasing.

    Caitlyn L. Holmes, Mark T. Anderson, Harry L. T. Mobley, Michael A. Bachman
    10 Mar 2021

ERRATA

  • Free
    Erratum for Zhang and Duchaine, “SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles”
    Erratum
    Erratum for Zhang and Duchaine, “SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles”
    X. Sophie Zhang, Caroline Duchaine
    27 Jan 2021
  • Free
    Erratum for Yahav et al., “New β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations”
    Erratum
    Erratum for Yahav et al., “New β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations”
    Dafna Yahav, Christian G. Giske, Alise Gramatniece, Henrietta Abodakpi, Vincent H. Tam, Leonard Leibovici
    27 Jan 2021
  • Free
    Erratum for Geno et al., “Pneumococcal Capsules and Their Types: Past, Present, and Future”
    Erratum
    Erratum for Geno et al., “Pneumococcal Capsules and Their Types: Past, Present, and Future”
    K. Aaron Geno, Gwendolyn L. Gilbert, Joon Young Song, Ian C. Skovsted, Keith P. Klugman, Christopher Jones, Helle B. Konradsen, Moon H. Nahm
    23 Dec 2020

Masthead

  • Free
    Editorial Board
    Masthead
    Editorial Board
    17 Mar 2021
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Clinical Microbiology Reviews: 34 (2)

In This Issue

volume 34, issue 2
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  • Coronavirus Disease 2019–COVID-19
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a Systemic Infection
  • Remdesivir against COVID-19 and Other Viral Diseases
  • Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis in 2019
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