Latest Articles
ReviewThe Changing Face of the Family Enterobacteriaceae (Order: “Enterobacterales”): New Members, Taxonomic Issues, Geographic Expansion, and New Diseases and Disease SyndromesThe family Enterobacteriaceae has undergone significant morphogenetic changes in its more than 85-year history, particularly during the past 2 decades (2000 to 2020). The development and introduction of new and novel molecular methods coupled with innovative laboratory techniques have led to many advances.
ReviewMolecular Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis in Low- and Middle-Income CountriesCryptosporidiosis is one of the most important causes for moderate to severe diarrhea and diarrhea-related mortality in children under 2 years in low- and middle-income countries. In recent decades, genotyping and subtyping tools have been used in epidemiological studies of human cryptosporidiosis.
ReviewUnderstanding the Impact of Resistance to Influenza AntiviralsInfluenza poses a significant burden on society and health care systems. Although antivirals are an integral tool in effective influenza management, the potential for the emergence of antiviral-resistant viruses can lead to uncertainty and hesitation among front-line prescribers and policy makers.
ReviewStaphylococcus aureus in Agriculture: Lessons in Evolution from a Multispecies PathogenStaphylococcus aureus is a formidable bacterial pathogen that is responsible for infections in humans and various species of wild, companion, and agricultural animals. The ability of S. aureus to move between humans and livestock is due to specific characteristics of this bacterium as well as modern...
ReviewLaboratory Diagnosis of Lyme BorreliosisLyme borreliosis is caused by a growing list of related, yet distinct, spirochetes with complex biology and sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms.
ReviewSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a Systemic InfectionTo date, seven identified coronaviruses (CoVs) have been found to infect humans; of these, three highly pathogenic variants have emerged in the 21st century. The newest member of this group, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first detected at the end of 2019 in Hubei province, China.
ReviewType I Natural Killer T Cells as Key Regulators of the Immune Response to Infectious DiseasesThe immune system must work in an orchestrated way to achieve an optimal response upon detection of antigens. The cells comprising the immune response are traditionally divided into two major subsets, innate and adaptive, with particular characteristics for each type. Type I natural killer T (iNKT) cells are defined as innate-like T cells sharing features with both traditional adaptive and innate cells, such as the expression of an...
ReviewStaphylococcus lugdunensis: a Skin Commensal with Invasive Pathogenic PotentialStaphylococcus lugdunensis is a species of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) that causes serious infections in humans akin to those of S. aureus. It was often misidentified as S. aureus, but this has been rectified by...
ReviewYersinia pestis: the Natural History of PlagueThe Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis is responsible for deadly plague, a zoonotic disease established in stable foci in the Americas, Africa, and Eurasia. Its persistence in the environment relies on the subtle balance between Y. pestis-contaminated soils, burrowing and nonburrowing mammals...
