Latest Articles
ReviewThe Use of Copper as an Antimicrobial Agent in Health Care, Including Obstetrics and GynecologyHealth care-associated infections (HAIs) are a global problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Controlling the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is a major public health challenge, and antimicrobial resistance has become one of the most important global problems in current times.
ReviewTransferable Mechanisms of Quinolone Resistance from 1998 OnwardWhile the description of resistance to quinolones is almost as old as these antimicrobial agents themselves, transferable mechanisms of quinolone resistance (TMQR) remained absent from the scenario for more than 36 years, appearing first as sporadic events and afterward as epidemics. In 1998, the first TMQR was soundly described, that is, QnrA.
ReviewConsumer Safety Considerations of Skin and Oral Microbiome PerturbationMicrobiomes associated with human skin and the oral cavity are uniquely exposed to personal care regimes. Changes in the composition and activities of the microbial communities in these environments can be utilized to promote consumer health benefits, for example, by reducing the numbers, composition, or activities of microbes implicated in conditions such as acne, axillary odor, dandruff, and oral diseases.
ReviewOrganization of the Skin Immune System and Compartmentalized Immune Responses in Infectious DiseasesThe skin is an organ harboring several types of immune cells that participate in innate and adaptive immune responses. The immune system of the skin comprises both skin cells and professional immune cells that together constitute what is designated skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT). In this review, I extensively discuss the organization of SALT and the mechanisms involved in its responses to infectious diseases of the skin and...
ReviewPlasmodium Genomics and Genetics: New Insights into Malaria Pathogenesis, Drug Resistance, Epidemiology, and EvolutionProtozoan Plasmodium parasites are the causative agents of malaria, a deadly disease that continues to afflict hundreds of millions of people every year. Infections with malaria parasites can be asymptomatic, with mild or severe symptoms, or fatal, depending on many factors such as parasite virulence and host immune status. Malaria can be treated with various drugs, with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) being the...
Review8-Aminoquinoline Therapy for Latent MalariaThe technical genesis and practice of 8-aminoquinoline therapy of latent malaria offer singular scientific, clinical, and public health insights. The 8-aminoquinolines brought revolutionary scientific discoveries, dogmatic practices, benign neglect, and, finally, enduring promise against endemic malaria.
ReviewEnterobacter spp.: Update on Taxonomy, Clinical Aspects, and Emerging Antimicrobial ResistanceThe genus Enterobacter is a member of the ESKAPE group, which contains the major resistant bacterial pathogens. First described in 1960, this group member has proven to be more complex as a result of the exponential evolution of phenotypic and genotypic methods. Today, 22 species belong to the Enterobacter genus. These species are described in the environment and have been reported as opportunistic pathogens in plants...
ReviewThe Role of Ureaplasma spp. in the Development of Nongonococcal Urethritis and Infertility among MenUreaplasma spp. are a genus of bacteria for which two human-associated species exist: Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum. Their definition as a pathogen in the context of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) and infertility among males remains highly controversial, largely due to...
ReviewPathogenomics of Emerging Campylobacter SpeciesCampylobacter is among the four main causes of gastroenteritis worldwide and has increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The vast majority of reported Campylobacter infections are caused by Campylobacter jejuni and, to a lesser extent, C. coli;...
ReviewTranslating Recent Microbiome Insights in Otitis Media into Probiotic StrategiesThe microbiota of the upper respiratory tract (URT) protects the host from bacterial pathogenic colonization by competing for adherence to epithelial cells and by immune response regulation that includes the activation of antimicrobial and (anti-)inflammatory components. However, environmental or host factors can modify the microbiota to an unstable community that predisposes the host to infection or inflammation. One of the URT...